《新目标英语》(七年级下) 词组和重点句型
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
一．短语：
1 ．be from = come from 来自于----
2． live in 居住在---
3． on weekends 在周末
4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人
5 ．in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国
6．pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目
7．the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约
8．speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎
9．go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动
二．重点句式：
1 Where’s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三．本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where’s the post office?
一． Asking ways: (问路)
1． Where is (the nearest) ……？ （最近的）……在哪里？
2． Can you tell me the way to ……？ 你能告诉我去……的路吗？
3． How can I get to ……？ 我怎样到达……呢？
4． Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……吗？
5． Which is the way to ……？ 哪条是去……的路？
二．Showing the ways: （指路）
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。
3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。
5. You’d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。（You’d better+动词原形）
三．词组
1. across from …… 在……的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面
2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之间
between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间
among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
课室前面有棵树。
in the front of…… 在……（内）的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
课室内的前部有张桌子。
5. behind…… 在……后面 behind my house 在我家后面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右边 on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边
on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边 on my left 在我左边
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿着……（街道） down/along Center Street 沿着中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的开始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端
in the beginning 起初，一开始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快
我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐出租车
16. 到达：get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17．go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street 横过马路
go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林
18．on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三．重难点解析
1．enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣，喜爱做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。
到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy，都是要带 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子。
2．hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。
hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。
（从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子，所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句，它又放在I hope 的后面，形成句中有句。）
3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球。
If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你饿了的话，你可以在超市买一些食物。
四．本单元的反义词、近义词配对
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?
一．重点词组
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute
play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals
at night in the day every day during the day
二. 交际用语
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they’re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they’re kind of interesting.
3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.
4. What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too.
Why?
Because they’re friendly and clever.
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
6. She’s very shy.
7. He is from Australia.
8．He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.
9．He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10．Let’s see the pandas first.
11．They’re kind of interesting.
12．What other animals do you like?
13．Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重点难点释义
1、kind of 有点，稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞。
kind 还有“种类”的意思
如：各种各样的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中国 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是专有名词，首字母都应该大写，而且和介词in连用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的，和蔼可亲的
它是名词friend的形容词形式，常常和be动词连用, be friendly。
The people in Chengdu are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟，同，和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意区别与and的用法，and通常用于连接主语或宾语，连接主语时，
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之后，如：
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…”
I often play with my pet dog.
Don’t play with water!
5、day和night 是一对反义词，day 表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。
通常说in the day, during the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 叶子
复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小时；点钟
hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”， 即：an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 来自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. （食用的）肉，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修
饰，即：much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 语法知识
特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头，对某一具体问题进行提问。
特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况：
1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如：
What’s your grandfather’s telephone number? 你爷爷的电话号码是多少？
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁？
Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节？
When is he going to play the piano? 他什么时候弹钢琴？
Where does he live? 他住在哪儿？
How are you? 你好吗？
How old are you? 你多大了？
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有几个兄弟姐妹？
2. 疑问句+陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如：
Who is on duty today?
今天谁值日？
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老师？
我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他？也是特殊疑问句，它是一种省略结构。
例如：
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜欢英语。你呢？
What about playing basketball? 打篮球怎么样？
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一．短语：
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物 / 把某物给某人
3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话
8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在医院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚报
二．重点句式及注意事项：
1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
三． 本单元中的名词复数。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves
求七年级下册英语重点短语人教版 新目标
1.Where is your pen pal from?
--He’s from Australia.
=Where does your pen
pal come from?
-- He comes from Japan.
Where are you from?
--I’m from
the United States.
2.Where does she live?
--She lives in Paris.
3.What
language does he speak？
--He speaks French.
4. Where is Toronto?
--It’s in Canada.
Unit 2
1.Is there a bank near here (in the neighborhood)?
--Yes,
there is. It’s on Center Street.
No, there isn’t.
2.Where’s the
supermarket?
--It’s across from the post office.
3.Go straight down New
Street and turn right.
4.Turn left at Bridge Street.
5.There’s a pay phone
on your left.
Unit 3
1.Let’s see the koalas.
--Why do you like
koalas？
--Because they’re very cute.
2.Why does he like
elephants?
--Because they’re kind of interesting.
3.Where’re lions
from?
-- They’re from South Africa.
4.What (other) animals do you like.
--I like dolphins.
Unit4
1.What does she do?/ What’s her job?
/What’s she?
--She
is a doctor/reporter/bank clerk/waiter…
2.What do you do??
–I’m a shop
assistant.
3.Where does she work?
She works in a hospital/TV
station/bank/restaurant.
4.What does she want to be ?
-- She wants to be
a policewoman.
5.Why does he want to be a policewoman?
--Because it’s an
exciting job.
Unit 5
1.What are you doing?—I’m watching TV.
2.What is he/she
doing?—He/She is cleaning.
3.-What are they doing?
-They’re talking on
the phone
4.Is Nancy doing homework?
--No, she isn’t. She’s writing a
letter.
5.-Do you want to go to the movies?
--Yes, I do./Sure./That
sounds good.
6.When do you want to go
--Let’s go at 8:00.
7.Where is he
eating dinner? (现在进行时)
--He’s eating dinner at home.
8.-Where do people
play basketball? (一般现在时)
--They play basketball at school.
Unit 6
1. How’s the weather in Jiaxing?
=What’s the weather like
in Jiaxing?
---It’s sunny and hot. (windy and cool)
2. How’s it
going?
--Pretty good/Great/Not bad/Terrible/Just so-so.
3.What do you do
when it’s raining?
--I stay at home and read a book
4.现在进行时的用法：
5..V-ing 变化规则：
Unit 7
1.short/curly/long/straight hair：短/卷/长/直发
2.medium
height/build：中等高度/身材
3.look like：看起来象
4.the captain of the basketball
team：篮球队队长
5.be a little bit quiet：有点儿少言寡语
6.stop doing sth.：停止做某事
7.like playing chess ：喜欢下棋
8.wear glasses：戴眼镜
9.a pop singer：一个流行歌手
10.a new look：一个新的形象
11.black/brow/blonde hair：黑色/棕色/金黄色的头发
12.last
month:上个月
13.a woman with long black hair:一个有着长长金发的妇女
Unit8
1.What kind of：哪一种
2.would like sth.：想要某东西
3.a
small/medium/large bowl of noodles：
小/中/大碗的面条
4.orange juice： 桔子汁
5.green tea：绿茶
6.a dumpling house/House of sumplings:
一家饺子店
7.phone number：电话号码
8.tomato soup：西红柿汤
Unit 9
1.do one’s homework：做家庭作业
2.play soccer：踢足球
3.clean
one’s room：打扫某人的房间
4.go to the beach：去海滩
5.play tennis：打网球
6.go to
the movies：去看电影
7.last weekend：上周末
8.do some reading：阅读
9.practice
English：练习英语
10.study for the match test：为数学考试准备 11.last week ：上周
12.on
Saturday morning ：在星期六的早晨
13.a talk show：一个谈话节目
14.go for a walk：去散步
15.a nice day：晴朗的一天
16.play with：与…一起玩
17.a busy weekend：一个繁忙的周末
18.look for：寻找
19.watch a movie：看电影
20.It’s time to do
sth.：是做某事的时候了
Unit10
1.visit sb.拜访某人<
2.summer camp ：夏令营
3.visit museum：参观博物馆
4.on vacation：度假
5.great weather：好天气
6. all
day/night/year：整天/夜/年
7.have great fun playing：玩得高兴
8.be crowded：拥挤
9.find sb. doing sth.：发现某人正在做某事
10.be lost：迷路
11.help sb.do
sth.：帮助某人做某事
12.make sb. do sth.：使某人做某事
13.be tired：疲倦
14.decide to
do sth.：决定做某事
15.The Great Wall:长城
Unit11
1.talk/game/spors show：谈话/游戏/体育节目
2.soap pera：肥皂剧；连续剧
3.situation comedy/sitcom：情景喜剧
4.don’t mind/like：不介意/喜欢
5.can’t
stand：不能容忍
6.think of：认为
7.agree with sb.：同意某人意见
8.in
fact：事实上;实际上
9.a thirteen-year-old boy：一个13岁的男孩
10.sports shows：体育节目
11.Animal World：动物世界
12.Tell it like it is!：实话实说
13.Culture
China：中国文化
14.Chinese cooking：中国烹饪
15.key ring：钥匙链
16.ask sb. about
sth：问某人关于某事
17.colorful clothes：颜色鲜艳的衣服
18. English Today:今日英语
19.
Sports News:运动新闻
Unit12
1.be late for class：上课迟到
2.listen to music：听音乐
3.have to ：不得不
4.what else：别的什么
5.sports shoes：运动鞋
6.go out :出去 7.after
school/class：放学/下课以后
8.What's up ?：什么事？
9.school magazine：校刊
10.I
don’t .either.：我也不
11.on school nights：在学生有课的晚上
12.Children’s
Palace：少年宫
13.school/family rules：校/家规
14.make dinner：做饭
15.wear a
uniform:穿制服
16.gym class:体育课
17.enjoy nice words about my looks:喜欢赞美自己的话
18.wash the clothes:洗衣服
七年级下册英语语法重点
一. 词汇
⑴ 单词
1. 介词：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of
1). in表示;中;在内。例如：
in our class 在我们班上
in my bag 在我的书包里
in the desk 在桌子里
in the classroom 在教室里
2). on 表示;在;;上;。例如：
on the wall 在墙上
on the desk 在桌子上
on the blackboard 在黑板上
3). under表示;在;;下;。例如：
under the tree 在树下
under the chair 在椅子下
under the bed 在床下
4). behind表示;在;;后面;。例如：
behind the door 在门后
behind the tree 在树后
5). near表示;在;;附近;。例如：
near the teachers desk 在讲桌附近
near the bed 在床附近
6). at表示;在;;处;。例如：
at school 在学校
at home 在家
at the door 在门口
7). of 表示的;。例如：
a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画
a map of China 一张中国地图
nbsp;
2. 冠词 a / an / the:
冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple.
a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。
This is a cat.
这是一只猫。
It#39;s an English book.
这是一本英语书。
His father is a worker.
他的爸爸是个工人。
the既可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。
Who#39;s the boy in the hat?
戴帽子的男孩是谁呀?
------ What can you see in the classroom?
------ I can see a bag.
------ Where#39;s the bag?
------ It#39;s on the desk.
------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀?
------ 我能看见一个书包。
------ 书包在哪呀?
------ 在桌子上。
3.some和any
①在肯定句中用some.例如：
There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。
Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。
②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如：
Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗?
Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗?
There isn#39;t any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。
⑵记住它们的特殊用法。
①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中，这一点我们不久就会学到。例如：
Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗?
②any也可用于肯定句中，表示quot;任何的quot;。例如：
Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。
some 和any的用法是经常出现的考点，希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。
4.family
family看作为一个整体时，意思是quot;家庭quot;，后面的谓语动词be用单数形式 is ;如把family看作为家庭成员时，应理解为复数，后面的谓语动词be应用are。
My family is a big family. 我的家庭是个大家庭。
My family are all at home now. 我的家人现在都在家。
Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。 house指quot;家quot;、quot;房屋quot;，侧重居住的建筑本身。
His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。
My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。
He isn;t at home now. 他现在不在家。
It;s a picture of my family. 这是一张我全家的照片。
5. little的用法
a little dog 一只小狗，a little boy 一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。
*但little还可表示否定意义，意为quot;少的quot;，加不可数名词。
There is little time. 几乎没时间了。
There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。
⑵ 词组on the desk 在桌子上
behind the chair 在椅子后
under the chair 在椅子下面
in her pencil-box 在她的铅笔盒中
near the door 在门附近
a picture of a classroom 一个教室的图片
look at the picture 看这张图片
the teacher#39;s desk 讲桌
a map of China 一张中国地图
family tree 家谱
have a seat 坐下，就坐
this way 这边走
二. 日常用语
1. Come and meet my family.
2. Go and see. I think Li Lei.
3. Glad to meet you.
4. What can you see in the picture?
I can see a clock / some books.
5. Can you see an orange?
Yes, I can. / No, I can#39;t.
6. Where#39;s Shenzhen?
It#39;s near Hong Kong.
7. Let me see.(口语)让我想想看。
see 在这是quot;明白、懂了，不可译作;看见。例如：
8. Please have a seat.
seat表示quot;座位quot;，是个名词。have a seat表示quot;就坐quot;，也可以说take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。
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三. 语法
1. 名词所有格
名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形式，意为quot;hellip;hellip;的quot;。一般有以下几种形式：
(1). 一般情况下在词尾加quot;#39;squot;。例如：
Kate#39;s father Kate的爸爸
my mother#39;s friend 我妈妈的朋友
(2). 如果复数名词以s结尾，只;。例如：
Teachers Day 教师节
The boysgame 男孩们的游戏
(3). 如果复数名词不以s结尾，仍加;。例如：
Children Day 儿童节
Women Day 妇女节
(4). 表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如：
Lucy and Lils room Lucy 和Lily的房间
Kate and Jim father Kate 和Jim的爸爸
a map of China 一幅中国地图
the name of her cat 她的猫的名字
a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片
the door of the bedroom 卧室的门
2. 祈使句
祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语，读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌，常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾时，please前多用逗号。
(1). 祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。
Go and see. 去看看。
Come in, please. 请进。
(2). 祈使句的否定形式常用don#39;t于句首。
Don#39;t look at your books. 不要看书。
Don#39;t play on the road. 不要在马路上玩。
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3. There be 的句子结构
There be是一个;存在;句型，表示;有的意思，
肯定句的形式为：There be + 名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。
be动词单复数的确定，看be后边第一个名词，当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时，be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时，be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时，be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为quot;某地有某人或某物quot;。如：
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。
(1)there be的否定句，即在be的后面加上not。
否定形式为：There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。
There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。
There aren#39;t any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。
(2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首：Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语?肯定回答：Yes, there is / are. 否定回答：No, there isn#39;t / aren#39;t.
---Is there a dog in the picture? 画上有一只狗吗?
---Yes, there is. 有。
---Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船吗?
---No, there aren#39;t. 没有。
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(3)特殊疑问句：How many . . . are there (+地点状语)?quot;某地有多少人或物?quot;回答用There be . . .
There#39;s one. / There are two / three / some . . .
有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . .
---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生?
---There#39;s only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。
(4)如果名词是不可数名词，用：How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语?
How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水?
How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物?
七年级英语下册语法总结
英语语法是一个非常重要的知识点，如何学习好语法却是需要好的 学习 方法 的，下面是我给大家带来的 七年级英语 下册语法 总结 ，希望能够帮助到大家! 七年级英语下册语法总结 一、七年级下英语语法——词法 1、名词A)、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下： 一)在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories 2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯 五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves 六)单复数相同(不变的)有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese 七)一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 八)单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员 九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers 十)有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 works作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡 十一) 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs 十二) 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-EnglishmenB)名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下： 一)单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s 二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day 教师节 , classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节 三)由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住一间)，Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间) 2、代词项目 人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词人称 主格宾格形容词 名词性第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself复数 we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数 you you your yours yourself复数 you you your yours yourselves第三人称 单数 she her her hers herselfhe him his his himselfit it its its this that itself复数 they them their theirs these those themselves3、动词A) 第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下： 一)一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes 三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys 四)以o结尾加es。如：does, goes五)特殊的有：are-is, have-hasB) 现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下： 一)一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing 二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having 三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning 四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于 4、形容词的级我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下： 一) 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger –largest 二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest 三) 以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest 四)特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worstlittle- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest 5、数词 (基变序，有规则;一、二、三，自己背;五、八、九、十二; 其它 后接th;y结尾，变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth二、七年级英语语法——句式1.陈述句肯定陈述句 a) This is a book. (be动词)b) He looks very young. (连系动词)c) I want a sweat like this. (实义动词)d) I can bring some things to school. (情态动词)e) There’s a computer on my desk. (There be结构)否定陈述句 a) These aren’t their books. b) They don’t look nice.c) Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can’t find her doll.e) There isn’t a cat here. (=There’s no cat here.)2. 祈使句肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let’s learn English!c) Come in, please.否定祈使句a) Don’t be late. b) Don’t hurry.3. 疑问句1) 一般疑问句a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.否定回答: a) No, he isn’t. b) No, you can’t. c) No, she doesn’t. d) No, they don’t. e) No, she isn’t. 2) 选择疑问句Is the table big or small? 回答 It’s big./ It’s small.3) 特殊疑问句 ① 问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve. ② 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies. ③ 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine. ④ 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com. ⑤ 问原因 Why do you want to join the club? ⑥ 问时间 What’s the time? (=What time is it?) It’s a quarter to ten a.m..What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00. ⑦ 问地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table. ⑧ 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue.What’s your favourite color? It’s black. ⑨ 问人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.Who is the boy in blue? My brother.Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to? ⑩ 问东西 What’s this/that (in English)? It’s a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers. 11问姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith. 12 问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box. 13 问字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f. 14 问价格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars. 15 问电话号码 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349. 16 问谓语(动作) What’s he doing? He’s watching TV. 17 问职业(身份) What do you do? I’m a teacher.What’s your father? He’s a doctor. 三、七年级英语语法——时态 1、一般现在时 表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有：Be 动词：She’s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.情态动词：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.行为动词：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch. 2、现在进行时 表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.
七下英语语法有哪些？
七下英语语法如下：1、名词性物主代词：相当于与之相对应的形容词性物主代词名词。2、情态动词can没有人称和数的变化，之后要加动词原形。3、表示计划到某地去，谓语动词go与going重复，一般只说be going to 地点。4、以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。5、现在进行时：表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sb be v-ing sth+ 其它。
